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“The government and mining houses face a major challenge – and strong likelihood of legal action – from a powerful new conservation alliance about to be formed by an array of environmental bodies that are concerned about the way precious parts of the natural environment are being destroyed…”

“The formal founding of the Federation for a Sustainable Environment (FSE) for South Africa in October 2007 serves as an example of a protagonist progression towards environmental activism which eventually also included traces of proactive activism actions. In specifically the former West Rand and Far West Rand goldfields (known today as the part of the Gauteng Province) FSE activists, and some other environmental protagonists, have engaged with mines and the government: Either for immediate relief in over-utilised mined land, or to address conditions of environmental injustice such as acid mine drainage.  An objective of environmental activists was, and still is, to achieve tactical gains to change outdated mechanisms and ideologies regarding man in relation with environment. Also an incompetency by governments of the day to respond timeously to scientific warnings and community concerns as a result of capacity absences; a lack of skill and a conscious amnesia because of poor record management had to be addressed by environmental activists.”